Individual risk factors for disease progression and flares in childhood TAK are unknown. [...]the aims of the study were: 1) to describe the presenting clinical, laboratory and angiographic features of childhood TAK patients, 2) to explore and compare efficacy and safety of childhood TAK treatment regimens and 3) to attempt to identify risk factors for adverse patient outcome in childhood TAK. Clearly, further studies including multicenter collaborations are needed to prospectively evaluate the potential benefit of biologic agents in childhood TAK. [...]more evidence is available, our data and the recent reports suggest the consideration of biologic agents in childhood TAK patients with critical organ perfusion or end organ damage at diagnosis and in those with severe, treatment refractory disease course. Statistical bias-reducing strategies such as propensity score analysis were not feasible due to the small numbers in the individual groups. Because of small patient numbers, we were also not able to adjust for differences in imaging evaluation, concomitant treatment and other potential confounders of pre- and post-biologic era in the statistical analysis. [...]our patients were cared for at a tertiary referral hospital and may represent the more severe end of the disease spectrum.