Summary We aimed to estimate the total number of serious fungal infections occurring yearly in Belgium. The number of cryptococcal infections was retrieved from the National Reference Center for Mycosis. Populations at risk and fungal infections frequencies in these populations were used to estimate incidence or prevalence of other fungal infections. The Belgian population consists of 11.10 million people. Cryptococcal meningitis is rare. In all, 15 of the 1227 newly diagnosed HIV / AIDS cases presented with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. This accounts for ±14% of total PCP cases ( n = 120). The incidence of candidaemia is estimated as 5/100 000 resulting in 555 cases and 213 deaths. A total number of 675 invasive aspergillosis cases and ≥169 deaths attributed to this infection were calculated. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis is estimated to be prevalent in 662 cases. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis cases were estimated to be 23 119 applying a 2.5% and 15% rate in adult asthma and cystic fibrosis patients respectively. Severe asthma with fungal sensitisation cases was estimated to be 30 402. There were 174 760 women with recurrent Candida vaginitis assuming a 6% rate in women aged between 15 and 50. Approximately 233 000 people of the Belgian population (2.1%) are estimated to suffer from a fungal infection on a yearly basis.