Food security has become one of the major issues of our time. Many studies have highlighted issues and opportunities for enhancing food security. Yet, Indigenous food security has rarely been studied. There is no robust evidence and analysis to show how and why food security in Indigenous communities can be understood and is increasing or decreasing in the changing climate. This thesis investigates the political ecology of food security in the Indigenous communities of Sabah, Malaysia by unfolding the issues of access, knowledge, and power in Indigenous communities. By analysing two Indigenous communities in Malaysia’s Sabah, this thesis demonstrates that food accessibility for Indigenous people in the era of neoliberalism is largely determined by their ability to pursue a sustained contestation of the neoliberal narratives for state restructuring, leading to the changes in market-oriented and profit-driven agricultural policy and practice of food security. This process that has a limited or no recognition ...