OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of societal burden of osteoarthritis (OA) in the Netherlands. METHODS: Medline (via Ovid) and Embase databases were searched in September 2022 for all publications providing prevalence/incidence, cost or health-related quality of life (HRQoL) data of OA (all sites) in the Netherlands. RESULTS: Twenty-eight original studies were included in this scoping review; twelve reporting prevalence/incidence data of OA, seven reporting data on the economic burden of OA and twelve reporting HRQoL data of patients with OA. Most of the available data were from Dutch national cohorts. The prevalence of knee OA ranged from 6% to 18% across studies, from 4% to 7% for hip OA and from 12% to 56% for hand OA. OA was shown to be associated with impairment in work participation and long-term requirement of health care utilization, translating into substantial medical costs and societal costs of lost productivity. All studies comparing HRQoL among persons with OA with control persons showed a significantly lower HRQoL in patients with OA after adjustment for age, sex, and various risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: OA is a highly prevalent disease in the Dutch population and is responsible for a significant economic and health burden.