This article elaborates and tests the so-called theory of the new political culture (Ronald Inglehart et al.) by means of the Dutch part of the European Social Survey (2002). The analysis is restricted on theoretical grounds to voting for parties representing new politics (centering on cultural issues: populist party (LPF, new right) versus green party (GroenLinks, new left) and old politics (centering on class issues: social-democratic party (PVDA, old left) versus conservative party (VVD, old right)). The class theory of politics explains voting for PVDA or VVD very well. The working class votes for the PVDA and the more privileged classes for the VVD, due to economic progressiveness and economic conservatism, respectively. A cultural logic underlies voting for Greens or LPF, however, with the well educated voting for the Greens and the poorly educated for the LPF, driven by libertarianism and authoritarianism, respectively. It is concluded that class voting needs to be carefully distinguished from cultural voting and that we may not so much have been witnessing a decline in class voting since World War II, as typically maintained, but rather an increase in cultural voting. ; Cet article développe et teste la portée empirique de la théorie de la nouvelle culture politique (Ronald Inglehart et autres) en se fondant sur la partie néerlandaise de l’enquête sociale européenne de 2002 (European Social Survey 2002). L’analyse est restreinte pour les raisons théoriques au vote pour les partis emblématiques de cette nouvelle culture politique – parti populiste (LPF) de droite, d’une part, parti écologiste (GroenLinks), de l’autre – et aux deux grands partis traditionnels à base « classiste » – parti travailliste (PVDA) et parti conservateur (VVD). La théorie du vote de classe rend compte de manière satisfaisante du vote pour les partis traditionnels. La classe ouvrière vote pour le parti travailliste (PVDA) et les classes plus privilégiées pour le parti conservateur (VVD). Le vote pour le parti écologiste (GroenLinks) ...