Background: In 2011, a unique Q fever vaccination campaign targeted people at risk for chronic Q fever in the southeast of the Netherlands. General practitioners referred patients with defined cardiovascular risk-conditions (age >15 years). Prevalence rates of those risk-conditions were lacking, standing in the way of adequate planning and coverage estimation. We aimed to obtain prevalence rates retrospectively in order to estimate coverage of the Q fever vaccination campaign. Methods: With broad search terms for these predefined risk-conditions, we extracted patient-records from a large longitudinal general-practice research-database in the Netherlands (IPCI-database). After validation of these records, obtained prevalence rates (stratified for age and sex) extrapolated to the Q fever high-incidence area population, gave an approximation of the size of the targeted patient-group. Coverage calculation addressed people actually screened by a pre-vaccination Q fever skin test and serology (coverage) and ... : Risk-conditions chronic Q fever vaccination datasetsThe IPCI-dataset contains all extracted patients from a 5% sample of the population based general practice database, based on selection criteria described in the article. Patients age, sex and risk conditions are supplied with level of diagnostic certainty. The Q fever vaccination dataset contains accepted referrals and registered chronic Q fever risk conditions with sex, age and living area of patients. Code books are included. ...