The experimental set-up, treatments, data collection and data analyses are thoroughly described in the Biogeoscience manuscript ‘Remote sensing of plant trait responses to field-based plant-soil feedback using UAV-based optical sensors’ doi:10.5194/bg-2016-452. Therefore we refer to the manuscript for detailed information an here we provide a brief summary to enable readers to follow what the data entail. The data were collected from a 2-year field experiment with plant rotations in a full factorial design. The plant treatments we focused on are legacy effects of the plant treatments (listed below) to the following oat crop. In this oat crop we quantified several plant traits both in situ and via remote sensing by use of UAV and hyperspectral and EGB sensors. The experiment was set-up in five randomized field blocks. We used part of the in situ collected data to parameterize the hyperspectral data based models and we validated these models with the other half of the field plots. Plant treatments Fa= fallow ...