Osmodes Holland, 1892 This primarily West African genus was reviewed by Miller (1964) and subsequently updated (Miller 1971), so that 15 species are now recognised (Ackery et al . 1995, Larsen 2005). There is information on the food plants of four species, all of which feed on Marantaceae (Table 1), but no other information has been published on the early stages. Adults occur along forest edges and in shady forest, perch low down, and sunbathe (Figure 31). ; Published as part of Cock, Matthew J. W., Congdon, T. Colin E. & Collins, Steve C., 2016, Observations on the biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Part 9. Hesperiinae incertae sedis: Zingiberales feeders, genera of unknown biology and an overview of the Hesperiinae incertae sedis, pp. 201-247 in Zootaxa 4066 (3) on page 228, DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4066.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/264653