Effects of mixing alcohol with energy drink on objective and subjective intoxication: Results from a Dutch on-premise study

Background: The purpose of this on-premise study was to determine if alcohol mixed with energy drink (AMED) consumption masks the subjective feelings of intoxication when compared to consuming alcohol only. Methods: The study was conducted on five nights in the city center of Utrecht. N∈=∈997 people leaving bars were interviewed about their alcohol consumption with and without energy drinks, for that particular evening and for other occasions. People reporting drug and medication use were excluded (N∈=∈84). Subjective intoxication was rated on a 10-point scale. Objective intoxication (breath a... Mehr ...