The purpose of this article is to discuss the meaning of deindustrialization and assess empirically to what extent are experiencing a process of deindustrialization in the Brazilian manufacturing industry, especially in the context of the current global financial crisis that began with the subprime crisis in the real estate industry 2008 U.S. Furthermore, the article seeks to address the issue of reprimarization due to so-called "Dutch disease" that, like every country rich in natural resources, could mean the risk of changing the agenda of foreign trade of primary commodities rather than manufactured goods. This research covers the period 2000-2011. The empirical methodology performs the analysis based on tabular data organized in tables and figures. The main conclusion here early, is that there are signs that point to a process of deindustrialization recent manufacturing in Brazil due to the increase of the service sector and the decline in industrial productivity revealed by the decline in exports of manufacturing goods to market exterior. The data presented in this study showed a favorable change in the tariff on exports of commodities that suggest a reprimarization. The reason for this is linked to increased global demand for commodities that has raised the prices of food and raw materials from natural resources. This situation, however, may be reversed when the nominal exchange rate depreciated and return to investments in infrastructure and logistics innovations are resumed. ; O objetivo do presente artigo é debater o significado de desindustrialização e avaliar de forma empírica até que ponto tem ocorrido um processo de desindustrialização na indústria manufatureira brasileira, principalmente num contexto atual de crise financeira global que teve início com a crise subprime do setor imobiliário em 2008 nos EUA. Além disso, o referido artigo procura abordar a questão da reprimarização decorrente da chamada “doença holandesa” que, como todo país rico em recursos naturais, poderia significar o risco de ...