The displacement of ancestral indigenous people has been a constant practice on the part of transnational companies installed in mining enclaves operating in the Latin American continent. This situation has been causing a discontinuity in the well living quality of these communities, their relationship with the environment; its ancient culture and their subsistence cultures. National states, whether progressive or conservative, understand that the abundance of natural resources has favored the consolidation of an export extractive model that has been presented as the only alternative to the continent's development. Environmental devastation has reached critical levels that has been transforming the regional and urban landscape of most territories. The Chilean experience in mining extractivism offers us a representative model of an exploratory study in this sense. Aiming to bring a better understanding analysis of the research problem, this reflection uses the bibliographical methodology research directed to the critical thinking of the territory coloniality with the purpose of characterizing the depoliticization of the regional landscape devastated by mining extractivism. The management of water resources and restrictions on their consumption by part of the native people have also reached critical levels, considering the water requirements demanded by mining extractivism. The article ends by addressing the post politicization of environmental sustainability issues, highlights the fundamentals of critical Latin American eco-politics and signals towards preservation of the integral value of life, through the decolonization of the State and the reversal of the institutions' control over existence, society and environment. ; O deslocamento de povos indígenas ancestrais tem sido uma prática constante de parte das empresas transnacionais instaladas em enclaves mineradores que operam no continente latino-americano. Esta situação vem ocasionando uma descontinuidade do bem viver dessas comunidades, sua relação com o meio ...