The Dutch lifelong learning scene: continuing unresolved issues and two alternative perspectives

This article presents a debate on lifelong learning (LLL) in the Netherlands. The article shows the state of the art of Dutch LLL education, training, and development. In particular, the unfulfilled expectations for the field are shown in a polemic manner by discussing the factors on the micro, intermediate, and macro levels that influence the behavior of the educational systems. This leads to listing the typical Dutch state of the art issues concerning LLL. To handle these issues, the article concludes with two perspectives that may be helpful in the near and distant future.