Application of through vial impedance spectroscopy (TVIS) for the determination of ice nucleation, solidification endpoint, and mannitol crystallization and melt-back temperature during freezing and annealing.Poster presentation at ISL-FD 9th International Conference 2-6th September, 2019, Ghent, Belgium ...

Studies of the freezing behavior of aqueous solutions of mannitol are highly relevant to lyophilization process development given the prevalent use of this excipient. Here, through-vial impedance spectroscopy (TVIS) was used to study the behaviour of an aqueous solution of 5%w/v mannitol during a freezing and re-heating cycle. Temperature calibration of the TVIS parameter F PEAK enabled the determination of the ice nucleation temperature T n at −13 o C while the ice solidification end point was observed based on the time profile of C' (0.2MHz), i.e. the real part capacitance at 0.2 MHz. A time... Mehr ...