peer reviewed ; In Belgium, EU citizens and third-country nationals have the right to vote in local elections. Third-country nationals only gain this right after five years of continuous residence in Belgium. EU citizens also enjoy passive electoral rights in local elections. Furthermore, EU citizens have the right to vote in and stand for the European Parliament (EP) elections held in Belgium. The electoral rights for nonresident Belgian citizens are more restrictive. Non-resident citizens have the right to vote, but not to stand for national legislative elections. Belgian citizens also have the right to vote for EP elections, whether they reside in another EU Member State or a third country, but only those residing in other EU Member States can stand as candidates for these elections. Once registered, all voters are obliged to vote in Belgium. Despite the dissemination efforts made by different institutions and civil society organizations for past elections in Belgium, a key difficulty that voters still face is the lack of information about the Belgian registration procedures and the political process more generally. Possible facilitators to encourage the political participation of non-citizen residents would be to formalise information dissemination strategies and communicate with new residents in different languages. ; En Belgique, les citoyens de l’UE et les ressortissants de pays tiers ont le droit de voter aux élections locales. Les ressortissants de pays tiers jouissent de ce droit après cinq ans de résidence ininterrompue en Belgique. Les citoyens de l’UE ont également le droit de se présenter comme candidat aux élections locales. De plus, ces derniers ont le droit de voter et de se présenter comme candidats aux élections européennes. Les droits électoraux des citoyens belges résidant à l’étranger sont plus restrictifs. En effet, les citoyens non-résidents ont le droit de voter mais pas de se présenter comme candidats aux élections législatives. Les citoyens belges ont également le droit de voter aux ...