International audience ; This paper provides an overview of the research conducted in two similar Roman towns, Pons Saravi (Sarrebourg, Moselle) and Tabernis‑Tres Tabernae (Saverne, Bas-Rhin), both located on the imperial west/east road connecting the provinces of Gallia and Germania and on both sides of the main pass of the North Vosges. It favors the later occupation in the middle of the 3 rd c., both towns have comparable sizes between 12 and 14 ha and perform activities which go much beyond their road function. In the middle of the 3 rd c. AD, the situation is quite different: a fortification is built around the town of Tabernis‑Tres Tabernae . The town becomes the key point for the defence of the imperial road and does not loose much size. Pons Saravi is protected at best by a burgus and is reduced by the two thirds of its original size. Nevertheless the town keeps a certain dynamism with new public buildings around a long-lasting spring of the town, which has been highlighted by the rescue archaeology campaigns, the presence of a Christian community and a mithraeum . ; Cet article fournit un premier bilan des recherches effectuées sur deux agglomérations antiques comparables, Pons Saravi (Sarrebourg, Moselle) et Tabernis‑Tres Tabernae (Saverne, Bas-Rhin), toutes deux situées sur la voie impériale ouest-est reliant les provinces de Gaule et de Germanie et ce, de part et d’autre du principal col des Vosges du Nord. Au milieu du III e s. apr. J.-C., les deux bourgades sont de taille comparable (entre 12 et 14 ha) et assurent des activités qui dépassent largement leur fonction routière. Dans l’Antiquité tardive, la situation est bien différente : l’agglomération de Tabernis‑Tres Tabernae est dotée d’une importante fortification, point fort de la défense de la route impériale et ne subit qu’une déprise modeste. Pons Saravi est, elle, au mieux protégée par un burgus et se voit réduite de deux tiers. L’agglomération conserve pourtant un certain dynamisme attesté par de nouvelles constructions publiques autour ...