Political education:The science of democratic citizenship education in the Netherlands and the United States (1920-2020)

Influenced by educational, societal and political developments democratic citizenship education in schools has received growing attention since the early 1990s. This has led to formulation of stricter educational policy in many countries, often based on standardized assessment of democratic knowledge, skills and attitudes. But what counts as ‘democratic citizenship’? How should key values like freedom, equality and solidarity be operationalized in educational settings? At which level should this be done and who has the democratic authority to decide on this? Once debate about democratic citize... Mehr ...