Introduction Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a common complication of the intensive treatment strategies used in pediatric oncology. By close adherence to high-quality guidelines, which can be evaluated by indicators, the burden of FN can potentially be reduced. Objectives The aims of this study were tripartite-(1) to develop structure, process, and outcome indicators, (2) to evaluate the implementation of the Dutch Childhood Oncology Group (DCOG) guideline on FN, and (3) to produce baseline measures on local quality of FN care (in the north of the Netherlands). Methods Seven indicators derived from the DCOG guideline were developed. Regarding structure indicators, we gathered information from all local centers providing care for children with cancer (n = 9). Regarding process and outcome indicators, we collected individual patient data from one academic and two shared-care hospitals. Children (