Surveillance of diphtheria in the Netherlands between 2000–2021: cutaneous diphtheria supersedes the respiratory form

Abstract Background Diphtheria is a severe respiratory or cutaneous infectious disease, caused by exotoxin producing Corynebacterium diphtheriae, C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis. Diphtheria is once again prevalent due to breakdown of immunisation programmes, social disruption and unrest. Aim This study describes the notified diphtheria cases in the Netherlands between 2000–2021 and isolates that were sent to the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM). Methods File investigation was performed including all notified cases and isolates of C. diphtheriae, C. ulcerans... Mehr ...