Impact of heavy metals on human toxicity using LCA: a case study for Walloon corn

This paper aims to focus on surprising results when assessing the human toxicity of corn farming in Wallonia, Belgium. The USEtox method is applied to the farming of 1 hectare of corn. Local data are used for farming data and GaBi datasets are used for background data. The field emissions due to farming are calculated by the most used models. The results in human toxicity, cancer effect, underline the large contribution of chromium (Cr) emissions due to the use of organic and mineral fertilizers. But during fertilizers composition characterization only the total chromium is measured and theref... Mehr ...

Verfasser: Gerbinet, Saïcha
Van Stappen, Florence
Belboom, Sandra
Pezennec, Eric
Léonard, Angélique
Dokumenttyp: conference poster not in proceedings
Erscheinungsdatum: 2018
Schlagwörter: LCA / toxicity / corn / Engineering / computing & technology / Chemical engineering / Ingénierie / informatique & technologie / Ingénierie chimique
Sprache: Englisch
Permalink: https://search.fid-benelux.de/Record/base-27685095
Datenquelle: BASE; Originalkatalog
Powered By: BASE
Link(s) : https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/229918

This paper aims to focus on surprising results when assessing the human toxicity of corn farming in Wallonia, Belgium. The USEtox method is applied to the farming of 1 hectare of corn. Local data are used for farming data and GaBi datasets are used for background data. The field emissions due to farming are calculated by the most used models. The results in human toxicity, cancer effect, underline the large contribution of chromium (Cr) emissions due to the use of organic and mineral fertilizers. But during fertilizers composition characterization only the total chromium is measured and therefore, unspecified chromium is used as emissions. However, it is known that the chromium in natural environment is most probably Cr (III) and this could really decrease the impact as the characterization factor for unspecified chromium, is, in USEtox, the average of the one of Cr (III) (non-toxic) and Cr (VI) (toxic), therefore really larger than the one of Cr (III). Therefore, a test is realized where 95% of the Chromium is Cr (III) and the rest is Cr (VI). In this case, score in human toxicity cancer effect is divided by 7, whereas this has no influence on the other results. The impact for human toxicity, non-cancer effect is mostly related to zinc emissions in soil due to the use of organic fertilizer, especially pig manure. However, zinc is abundant and is an important trace element in the human body. It is useful for growth, bone and brain development, etc. and the European Commission recommends the consumption of 7- 10 mg of zinc by person and per day. Moreover, mammals are able to eliminate zinc, therefore they are able to maintain a constant level of zinc independently of the exposure level. Consequently, only the exposure to high doses can have toxic effects. A test was made with the characterization factor of zinc equal to 0 in the USEtox model. In this case, the corn cropping obtains a human toxicity, non-cancer effect divided by 12 compared to the base case and mostly related to lead and mercury emissions in the ...