Systèmes d'observation de classes et prise en compte de la complexité des événements scolaires

National audience ; A recent trend in French-speaking educational research consists of an increasing use of classroom observation systems designed in the 1950's, 60's, aimed at several purposes, like didactical, pedagogical, or teacher training. The use of such systems, which may be straightforward at first look, actually depends on numerous methodological questions like: What actually means ?to observe?? What are the main observation systems available? What are the main steps by which each observation system is composed? The aim of this paper is to answer these questions as well as to show th... Mehr ...

Verfasser: Dessus, Philippe
Dokumenttyp: Artikel
Erscheinungsdatum: 2007
Verlag/Hrsg.: HAL CCSD
Schlagwörter: Classroom Observation Systems / Teaching / Coding / Flanders Observation System / Dynamic Environments Supervision / Codage / Grille de Flanders / Supervision d'environnements dynamiques / Systèmes d'observation de classe / Enseignement / [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education
Sprache: Französisch
Permalink: https://search.fid-benelux.de/Record/base-27476118
Datenquelle: BASE; Originalkatalog
Powered By: BASE
Link(s) : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00321422

National audience ; A recent trend in French-speaking educational research consists of an increasing use of classroom observation systems designed in the 1950's, 60's, aimed at several purposes, like didactical, pedagogical, or teacher training. The use of such systems, which may be straightforward at first look, actually depends on numerous methodological questions like: What actually means ?to observe?? What are the main observation systems available? What are the main steps by which each observation system is composed? The aim of this paper is to answer these questions as well as to show that every educational researcher is concerned with these questions, which are detailed here through four main steps: spatial and time segmentation, filtering, coding and data reduction. Then, we will list some features shared by schools environments that have been recently uncovered. These features seem to be hardly taken into account by current observation systems. Finally, we describe a new data reduction procedure accounting for some of these features. ; Un courant récent de la recherche en éducation francophone réutilise les systèmes d'observation de classe conçus dans les années 1950-1960, à différentes fins (didactique, pédagogique, formation des enseignants). L'utilisation de tels systèmes, simple au premier abord, engage en réalité de nombreux choix méthodologiques : qu'est-ce qu'observer ? quels sont les principaux systèmes d'observation ? quelles sont les étapes par lesquelles passent la grande majorité des systèmes d'observation ? Dans cet article, nous commençons par répondre à ces questions qui intéressent tout chercheur mettant en œuvre de tels systèmes d'observation, en détaillant quatre étapes fondamentales : segmentation spatiale et temporelle, filtrage, codage et réduction des données d'observation. Ensuite, nous listons quelques caractéristiques des environnements scolaires récemment mises au jour qui nous paraissent encore insuffisamment prises en compte dans les systèmes d'observation actuels. Enfin, ...