This dataset collection contains geospatial data that was used in a study on optimising vaccination center placement in Flanders and Brussels Capital Region (Belgium). The collection includes five raster datasets, a road network dataset in vector format, and datasets of potential vaccination facilities in vector format. The raster datasets provide information on population density, mean age, proximity to the nearest N-road, travel time to the nearest hospital, and node value of collective transport. These datasets cover the region of Flanders and the Brussels Capital Region, and have been normalised on a scale of 0 to 1. The population density data was sourced from Statbel [1], while the road network and the hospital locations were queried from OpenStreetMap [2]. The node value of collective transport dataset was obtained from a study by Verachtert et al. [3]. The road network dataset is a multilinestring vector dataset that includes all of the roads in Belgium. This dataset can be used to analyse traffic flow and identify optimal locations for vaccine centers. The two point vector datasets contain the locations of potential vaccination facilities within the province of Antwerp, with one dataset including 14 facilities and the other including 7 facilities. These datasets can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of different vaccine center placement strategies. The geospatial data in this collection is stored in GeoJSON format for the road network and the potential vaccination facilities and GeoTIFF format for the raster datasets and can be accessed and analyzed using a variety of geospatial tools and software.