In Dutch history as in Albanian the concept of the Albanian gendarmerie directed by Dutch army officers stands rather out of focus. The only work especially dedicated to the subject till now was that — without any scientific prétention — by the officer Fabius who himself took part and described his personal expériences. In this article I hâve tried to présent a survey of the acti- vities of the Dutch within the cadre of what was to become Albania. In addition to printed sources — especially diplomatie material — also rich archivai material was available to me. Special attention is given to the figure of Lodewijk Thomson, by far the outstanding personality of the mission. Many persons hâve helped me making this study. To Prof. Dr. G. Stadtmüller, München, I owe thè idea for this theme. Also Prof. Dr. Z. R. Dittrich, Utrecht, and Prof. Dr. M. Camaj, München, stood ready with iheir interest and help. The following institutions made their facilities, available tome, while the persons mentioned in brackets gave particularly usefull assistance : Albanien-Institut, München (Dr. P. Bartl); Seminar für die Geschichte Osteuropas und Südost- europas, München (Frau Paerisch, Dozent Dr. G. Grimm) ; Südostinstitut* München (Frau Dr. Bartl); Universitàts-bibliothek, München; Fürstlich Wiedisches Archiv, Neuwied (Dr. V. Müller); Algemeen Rijksarchief, den Haag; Archief Buiten- landse Zaken, den Haag (Dr. I. Woltring) mr. van Nienes; Centraal Archieven- depot Defensie, den Haag (mr. Gans); Koninklijke Bibliothek, den Haag; Uni- versiteitsbibliotheek, Leiden (mr. van Veen, mr. lielen); Institut voor Ge- schiedenis, Utrecht; Army muséum «General Hoefer », Leiden (mr. Gôrlitz).Finally I want to express my thanks to the editors of « Shêjzat » in Rome for publishing the article, as well as to Prof. Dr. H. W. von der Dunk, Utrecht, for accepting it as a preliminary dissertation.