Sažetak: Holandska bolest brijesta otkrivena je na području današnje Republike Hrvatske 1929. godine. Uzročnici ove bolesti su fitopatogene gljive mješinarke iz roda Ophiostoma. Vrsta Ophiostoma ulmi (Buism.) Nannf. kao manje virulentna, uzrokovala je prvi val pandemije, dok je drugi val uzrokovala virulentnija vrsta Ophiostoma novo-ulmi (Brasier). Obje gljive napadaju stabla i grane brijestova bez obzira na dob. Važan čimbenik u širenju zaraze su brijestovi potkornjaci (Scolytus scolytus F. i Scolytus multistriatus Marsham). Učestalost zaraze najveća je kod vrsta nizinskog brijesta (Ulmus minor Mill.) i gorskog veza (Ulmus glabra Huds.). Prisutnost holandske bolesti utvrđena je na svim istraživanim lokalitetima brijestova u Republici Hrvatskoj. ; Dutch elm disease was discovered in the territory of Republic of Croatia in 1929. The causative agents of this disease are phytopathogenic mushrooms of the genus Ophiostoma. The species Ophiostoma ulmi (Buism.) Nannf. as less virulent, caused the first wave of the pandemic, while the second wave was caused by the more virulent species Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier. Both fungi attack elm trees and branches regardless of age. An important factor in the spread of infection are elm bark beetles (Scolytus scolytus F. and Scolytus multistriatus Marsham.). The frequency of infection is highest in the species of field elm (Ulmus minor Mill.) and wych elm (Ulmus glabra Huds.). The presence of Holland's disease has been established in all investigated localities of elm trees in the Republic of Croatia.