Refugee and Asylum Seeker Rights in Europe: Gendered Crimmigration Experiences in the Dutch and Spanish Cases

Europe faces increasing patterns of crimmigration, or the merging of criminal and migration law, discourse and practices. Refugees and asylum seekers are conflated with more general migrant populations, and are likewise subjected to these phenomena as well. As part of this, increasingly restrictive legislative and administrative policies accompany the securitization of asylum systems within the European context, working against Member State and European Union (EU) fundamental rights obligations. Moreover, the literature has identified a gap in understanding the gendered dimensions of crimmigra... Mehr ...