Throughout history, there have been connections between religion and politics in Belgium. Still, abortion, euthanasia, same-sex marriage, research on embryo are examples of life and death issues that trigger vivid debates. They may even challenge the stability of a political system, especially when it undergoes a federalization process. Political parties are key players to find a compromise. The churches and the secular actors accept the public regulation as long as their values are not at stake. Therefore, policy change regarding morality issues is mainly focus on policy instruments rather than on core beliefs. Such a strategy by decision-makers leave the traditional cleavages untouched. It ensures social quietness during the framing and the implementation of the public policies. In Belgium, demonstrations related to morality issues do not breach law and order as in France or Spain, for instance. Even the Belgian Catholic Church partially outpaces the Roman Catholic Church.