As in other West-European countries, Belgium is characterized by an increasing diversity in its population. Care in which provider and patient have a different cultural background is more and more common. For care to be well attuned to patients of foreign descent, gaining insight in the perspective of the provider and that of the care receiver is important. Considering the existential meaning of oncology care, these insights are certainly a matter of importance within the context of oncology. However, little is known about how health professionals experience and perceive their work with care users of diverse ethnic origins. With regard to family members of ethnic minority cancer patients also relatively little research has been undertaken. This dissertation aims to provide insight in both the experiences of oncology health workers in caring for ethnic minority care users and in the experiences of family members of older adult cancer patients of Turkish or Northwest African descent. As family members play an essential role in the cancer trajectory, insight in their perspective is valuable. The insights were gained by means of a systematic literature review and qualitative empirical research, based on constructivist grounded theory. First it is investigated what published research reveals about the views and experiences of oncology health workers when caring for ethnic minority patients. The limited literature reports mostly about challenges or barriers when caring for these patient groups. Views and experiences of participating oncology health workers are characterized by a willingness to provide proper care, but providing such care is hampered by a tangle of interrelated issues such as linguistic barriers, fear and uncertainty, and assumptions about cultural matters. Organizational aspects were shown to have a strong influence on healthcare workers caring for ethnic minority patients. Experiences and perceptions of oncology health providers in caring for patients of non-Western descent in Flanders are studied in ...