Abstract Globally, the increase of overweight and obesity has reached epidemic proportions in both adults, and children. Overweight and obesity have become a major public health concern as a consequence of the serious impact on morbidity, quality of life, and mortality. Prevalence rates are still growing, also in the Netherlands. Differences in overweight and obesity can be seen between native and non-native children. Migrant children are more at risk of overweight and obesity, as compared to their indigenous counterparts. The question arises which factors influence these elevated rates. Risk factors seem to have spread uneven among ethnic groups. This book gains knowledge on modifiable factors, aiming to explain differences in overweight and obesity between primary school children from migrant and native Dutch origin.