CFD analysis of transpirational cooling by vegetation : case study for specific meteorological conditions during a heat wave in Arnhem, Netherlands

The transpirational cooling of vegetation as a measure to mitigate outdoor air temperatures was investigated for a street canyon in the city center of Arnhem, the Netherlands for the meteorological conditions of an afternoon hour on a hot summer day during a heat wave with wind of speed 5.1 ms-1 at 10 m above ground and direction along the canyon. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations with locally applied vegetation in the street, i.e. avenue trees, facade greening, roof greening and all three combined, were performed. The 3D steady-state Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equatio... Mehr ...