The study report describes a data set of 64 observations of physicians during a first encounter with a patient actor simulating a prevalent cardiac disease, heart failure. The doctor-patient-interaction took place 2019-2020 in four top university hospitals situated in in Ankara (Turkey), Beijing (PRChina), Groningen (Netherlands), and Würzburg (Germany). Participating physicians were diverse in terms of professional experience, degree of specialization, professional language, age, gender and migration experience. These characteristics are available as questionnaire data. The study employed two scrips for simulated patients: a case of systolic heart failure – for which a standard treatment is available – was enacted by 60-year-old male SPs; a case of diastolic heart failure – for which treatment guidelines are less clear – was enacted by 80-year-old female SPs. The core of the data set consists of videos, transcripts in English, German, Mandarin, and Turkish as well as partial translations to English for the Mandarin and Turkish language cases. Some sequences were transferred to ELAN. The data set enables the study of professional knowledge and practise in an intercultural and transnationally comparative perspective. It is relevant for applied research in medical education and for foundational research in the sociology of knowledge and conversation analysis. In sociology, the sociology of medicine, social studies of science and medicine, sociology of professions, and migration research are sub-disciplines that might profit from reusing the data. ; 1 ; 36