In The Netherlands injecting drug users (IDUs) account for 8.8% of the AIDS diagnose (135/1531 asperJanuary 1991). Data on HIV prevalence among IDUs is limited to Amsterdam. The AIDS and drug policy is based on risk and harm reduction through information campaigns, needle and syringe exchange programmes and extra care. All efforts do not seem to be sufficient to stop the spread of HIV infection among this group. Evaluation of existing projects is carried out and additional programmes are now initiated. In the prevention policy more emphasis is laid on outreaching activities and involving other sectors outside the drug treatment sector in AIDS prevention. Also the needle distribution at local level should be improved and more ways should be encouraged to involve drug users in the AIDS policy. With respect to the care field more pressure to start specific care facilities for HIV-infected drug users can be expected in the near future.