While the sectoral model of farm system instituted in France in the 1960s is in question, and while relationships between farmers and others local stakeholders intensify on land sharing matters, environmental issues, quality and food; this thesis is organized on the working hypothesis of the territorialization of farm system. This suppose that the future of farm systems increasingly lies on interactions between farmers and local stakeholders, which drives to changes of the scenes where are negotiated access to production factors, market positions and agricultural practices. The demonstration lies on the principles of rural geography, sociology and institutional economics in order to analyze the emerging arrangements between farm systems and territories in situations of collective action, public action or conflicts. The thesis consists in a diachronic analysis of links between farmers, farm systems and territories for the period 1970 - 2010 at the scale of two small regions, Monts du Lyonnais and the French part of Flanders region. The differences between a dairy mountainous region and a periurban and agro-industrial region reveal the contrasted patterns of the territorialization of farm systems according to agrarian history and sociopolitical context. It appears from this analysis the role of identities for action and political capacities of farmers. Three ideal types of farm systems, distinct in their market position and sociotechnical networks, enable us to think about the stakes of their territorialization for public policies. ; Dans un contexte politique et socio-économique de remise en cause de l'exploitation sectorielle des années 1960, et alors que les relations entre agriculteurs et autres acteurs locaux s'intensifient autour du partage de l'espace, de l'environnement, de la qualité et de l'alimentation ; cette thèse s'organise autour de l'hypothèse centrale d'une territorialisation de l'exploitation agricole. Cela suppose que l'avenir des exploitations agricoles se joue de plus en plus dans les ...