Public Participation in Planning: The open plan process of the Wibautas

Contemporary planners and planning literature are engaged in debate about the future of planning as a democratic enterprise, and the form it should take regarding the involvement of public in the planning of the environment. The Netherlands' planning system has firmly established mechanisms of citizen participation in the planning process, but those are criticised for being expensive and ineffective. The Dutch inspraak procedure is reactive in nature -- after a plan has been drafted the public is invited to comment on it. This only allows for minor alterations of details, but rarely enables co... Mehr ...