To determine which items regarding prosthesis use were considered most important by adults with major unilateral upper limb absence (ULA) and to develop a patient-reported outcome measure to assess the preferred usage features of upper limb prostheses: PUF-ULP. Based on a qualitative meta-synthesis combined with input from patients and clinicians a graphical diagram of 79 items related to prosthesis use was developed. Adults with ULA ( N = 358; mean age = 55.4 ± 16.5 years; 52.0% male/40.8% female/7.3% unknown) selected their top-10 of most important items from this diagram. This study is registered in the Netherlands Trial Register: NL7682. Most selected items were “wearing comfort” (54.0% of cases), “grabbing, picking up, and holding” (34.3%), and “weight” (31.4%). All subpopulations (i.e. age, sex, origin of ULA, level of ULA, and prosthesis type), except multi-grip myoelectric hand prosthesis users (MHP), selected “wearing comfort” most. Nine items were included in the PUF-ULP: “wearing comfort,” “functionality,” “independence,” “work, hobby, and household,” “user-friendly,” “life-like appearance,” “phantom limb pain,” “overuse complaints,” and “reliability.” All prosthesis users, except MHP-users, considered wearing comfort most important, which might be of interest for future research and industry. The PUF-ULP can be used to reflect the match between users and their prostheses.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION All persons with upper limb absence, except multi-grip myoelectric hand prosthesis users, considered “wearing comfort” most important regarding prosthesis use, which highlights that prosthesis wearing comfort deserves more attention in future research to increase the value placed by the user on their upper limb prosthesis. Regarding prosthesis use, men considered “ease of control” more important compared to the overall population, while women considered “independence,” “household,” “life-like appearance,” “overuse complaints,” and “anonymity” more important. Persons with a mono- or multi-grip ...