The return of elm trees in French cities ; Le retour des Ormes dans les villes françaises

Dutch elm disease killed most of adult elms in cities in the mid-1970’s. Thanks to the breeding of more resistant varieties, the species was gradually re-established in most French cities. The very first varieties ('Lobel' and 'Dodoens') were replaced by the more resistant 'Sapporo Gold' (an Asian variety). However, its main branches tore out too easily, so that it was replaced by the essentially European, highly resistant 'Lutèce' and 'Vada' varieties resulting from collaboration between the INRAE and Alterra (The Netherlands). Quite a number of cities are planning to plant 'Lutèce' and 'Vada... Mehr ...

Verfasser: Pinon, Jean
Dokumenttyp: Artikel
Erscheinungsdatum: 2023
Verlag/Hrsg.: AgroParisTech
Schlagwörter: Orme / graphiose / résistance / variétés / villes / France / Elm / Dutch Elm disease / resistance / varieties / cities
Sprache: Französisch
Permalink: https://search.fid-benelux.de/Record/base-27025788
Datenquelle: BASE; Originalkatalog
Powered By: BASE
Link(s) : https://revueforestierefrancaise.agroparistech.fr/article/view/7686

Dutch elm disease killed most of adult elms in cities in the mid-1970’s. Thanks to the breeding of more resistant varieties, the species was gradually re-established in most French cities. The very first varieties ('Lobel' and 'Dodoens') were replaced by the more resistant 'Sapporo Gold' (an Asian variety). However, its main branches tore out too easily, so that it was replaced by the essentially European, highly resistant 'Lutèce' and 'Vada' varieties resulting from collaboration between the INRAE and Alterra (The Netherlands). Quite a number of cities are planning to plant 'Lutèce' and 'Vada'. ‘Columella' – a columnar variety – also has its place in narrow spaces. Elm is beginning to replace species suffering from health problems such as maple (sooty bark disease), plane (stain canker) and ash (ash dieback). Its use is spreading in rural areas, particularly in the Marais Poitevin. Highlights:• Elms were decimated by Dutch elm disease in the 1970’s.• Thanks to the selection of resistant varieties, elms have been reintroduced in cities. ; La graphiose avait décimé au milieu des années soixante-dix la majorité des ormes adultes en ville. La sélection d’ormes plus résistants a permis progressivement de réimplanter cette essence dans la majorité des villes françaises. Les premières variétés (‘Lobel’ et ‘Dodoens’) ont été relayées par ‘Sapporo Gold’ (variété asiatique) plus résistant, mais dont les arrachements de charpentières la font abandonner au profit de ‘Lutèce’ et Vada’, variétés essentiellement européennes, à haut niveau de résistance et résultant de la collaboration entre l’INRAE et Alterra (Pays-Bas). D’assez nombreuses villes prévoient la plantation de ‘Lutèce’ et ‘Vada’. ‘Columella’, variété columnaire a aussi sa place dans les espaces restreints. L’Orme commence à remplacer les essences victimes de problèmes sanitaires comme l’Érable (suie), le Platane (chancre coloré) et le Frêne (Chalarose). Son usage s’étend en zone rurale, notamment dans le Marais poitevin. Messages clés• L’Orme a été décimé par la ...