Background and objectives A descriptive study on 118 MS patients in general practice, to describe the family physician's role in diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients. Method Random sample of 103 general practices (161 family physicians) throughout The Netherlands with a total list of 335 000 patients. Results MS patients had on average 5.7 encounters with general practice in 3 months compared to 2.3 in all other patients ( P < 0.001). Home visits counted for 38.7% of all family physician's encounters in MS patients compared to 16.6% in all other patients ( P <0.01). The average encounter lasted 12.9 minutes per MS patient compared to 7.8 in all other patients ( P <0.01). Counselling by the family physician took place in all new patients and in 53% of known patients. Follow-up appointments were made with all new patients and 65.9% of all MS patients. Fifteen patients (12.7%) were newly referred to a specialist and 28 patients (24%) were still treated by specialists. No medication was prescribed to almost 40% of patients. Vitamin B, benzodiazepines, laxatives, antibiotics for treatment of urinary tract infections and muscle relaxants are the most frequently prescribed drugs. The average dose of vitamin B complex was 1.94 times the defined daily dose. Conclusions The family physician spends more time than average on MS patients, carries out more home visits and takes care of treatment of symptoms and complications of MS. Counselling and follow-up of patients takes an important place in family physician's manage ment of MS. Vitamin B complex is being prescribed (too) frequently in a (too) high dose.