I designed this publication to accompany the research article “Nature portrayed in images in Dutch Brazil: Tracing the sources of the plant woodcuts in the Historia Naturalis Brasiliae (1648)” by Mireia Alcantara Rodriguez, Tinde van Andel, and Mariana Françozo. This visual database is directed to everyone attracted to the fascinating world of tropical plants and Renaissance and early modern botanical art, with the main focus on the flora of Dutch Brazil (the northeastern territories of Brazil colonized by the Dutch from 1630 to 1654). This PDF file was built with Filemaker Pro software in a database format, and both files are available open access in the repository of Leiden University via: https://doi.org/10.17026/dans-xm2-bnhw. The main purpose of this file is to present in a visual form the potential sources used to create the plant woodcuts in the India Utriusque re Naturali et Medica (IURNM, 1658). A brief text accompanies every plant entry in which I discuss the various levels of correlation among sources. The IURNM was majorly based on the Historia Naturalis Brasiliae (HNB, 1648), which aimed to portray the natural history of Brazil in the 1640s as perceived by German naturalist George Marcgrave (1610-1643) and Dutch physician Willem Piso (1611-1678) – among others. Piso, discontent with the work made by the editor of the HNB, Johannes de Laet (1581-1649), edited his work to create the IURNM. This file can be read independently but its main function is to complement and depict the data analyzed in the main paper, which is also displayed in an Excel spreadsheet (S3). The main paper aimed to answer what were the sources used to elaborate the plant woodcuts in the IURNM, first, by arranging the woodcut images and their corresponding species found in other visual sources from Dutch Brazil and analyzing their similarities; and second, by searching for the remaining sources in contemporary or older treatises that included engravings similar to the IURNM woodcuts. By doing so, the various methods of ...