The main research goal, i.e. furthering the quest for adequate models explaining lifestyle differences within contemporary Western societies, is embedded in the current debate on cultural lifestyles and their link with social structure and social inequality. Moreover, I opt for an alternative conceptualization of cultural lifestyles. With some exceptions, most sociological studies solely focus on respondents’ actual participation or cultural taste (preferences). Recent research, however, suggests the importance of other attitudinal aspects such as participation motives, (aesthetic) expectations or barriers. Only few empirical contributions combine these attitudinal and behavioural aspects within their lifestyle conceptualizations. However, the arguments that have arisen in the debate all point to the relevance of a combined approach. In general, we argue that an analysis of preferences, expectations, barriers and motives, used in combination with behavioural indicators of cultural lifestyles, provides more detailed information and thus results in a more fine-tuned description of lifestyle variance. The research data come from a large-scale 2003-2004 survey on cultural participation in Flanders (Re-Creatief Vlaanderen). Lifestyle typologies are built by means of latent class clustering techniques. The broad explanatory model used for the explanation of lifestyle variance includes several indicators of cultural capital, age, as well as gender, social network size, degree of urbanization, family composition and job category. The main conclusions put forward in the disseration are : a) that differences in the amount of cultural capital explain an important fraction of lifestyle differentiation, despite the importance of other, non-class and non-status covariates, b) that this lifestyle variance runs along several scales, among which the differences between home-centred or private and outdoor or public participation. Furthermore we found c) that the analysis of attitudinal lifestyle indicators clearly leads to a ...