Terminalia carinata Sabatier & J.Engel, sp. nov. (Figs 1, 2, 3, 4) TYPUS. — French Guiana. Montagnes Plomb, inv. code PG18-63A 3, 355 m, 4°59’N, 52°59’W, fr., 18.X.2004, Sabatier et al. 4891 (holo-, CAY ([CAY182887!]); iso-, P ([P01155925!], K!). DIAGNOSIS. — The new species differs from other neotropical Terminalia by its papillose, palish-gray and slightly pubescent leaf undersurface, its quite long petioles (usually> 2 cm) and its 2-winged fruits with wings wider than fruits central body that is distinctly keeled on one face and flat on the other one. ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the fruit central body which is keeled (or carinate) on one face and flat on the other one. DISTRIBUTION. — Consulted specimens come mainly from French Guiana, only two from Suriname. One fruiting specimen, collected in the Brazilian state of Para by Kuhlmann and identified as Terminalia cf. mameluco Pickel by Stace in 2002, looks alike T. carinata Sabatier & J.Engel, sp. nov. However, the authors would need to physically study this herbarium sheet to be completely sure of the determination in T. carinata Sabatier & J.Engel, sp. nov. HABITAT. — T. carinata Sabatier & J.Engel, sp. nov. occurs in terra-firme forest from sea-level to 630 m a.s.l. This species grows preferentially on well-drained soil in high, irregular canopy forests (Gond et al. 2011). PHENOLOGY. — Mature flowers have been recorded in August during leafless stage, fruits in January, July, October and November. CONSERVATION STATUS. — According to herbarium sheets and inventory data from GUYAFOR and GUYADIV networks (Engel 2015), T. carinata Sabatier & J.Engel, sp. nov. is known from 16 localities in French Guiana and two localities in Suriname. The Extent of occurrence (EOO) calculated is 58 090 km² and the area of occupancy (AOO) 80 km ², and the localities where this species is encountered are not threatened by human activities. According to the IUCN Red List criteria (IUCN 2012), T. carinata Sabatier & J.Engel, sp. nov. is ...