Longitudinal Association Between Depression and Inflammatory Markers:Results From the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety

BACKGROUND: While cross-sectional associations of inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein with major depressive disorder are well established, evidence for longitudinal associations mostly comes from studies on depression symptoms, not diagnoses. This study examined cross-sectional and bidirectional longitudinal associations between depression diagnosis and symptoms in an adult sample over a 6-year period. METHODS: Data were obtained from the baseline (n = 2416) and 2- and 6-year follow-up assessments (n = 1925 and n = 1924, respectively) of the Netherlands Study of De... Mehr ...