Assessment of drinking water safety in the Netherlands using nationwide exposure and mortality data

Background: Although drinking water in the Netherlands is generally accepted as safe, public concern about health risks of long-term intake still exist. Objective: The aim was to explore associations between drinking water quality for nitrate, water hardness, calcium and magnesium and causes-of-death as related to cardiovascular diseases amongst which coronary heart disease and colorectal cancer. Methods: We used national administrative databases on cause-specific mortality, personal characteristics, residential history, social economic indicators, air quality and drinking water quality for pa... Mehr ...