Most studies on financial centers relate to the banking system. The other financial sectors seem to be neglected. The purpose of this work is to assess the competitiveness and attractiveness of international financial centers as far as investment funds are concerned.Through several recent studies on the competitiveness and attractiveness of financial centers, we have been able to identify strategies for the emergence of financial centers. We have thus defined several determining factors of attractiveness and competitiveness that are applied to financial centers by a critical analysis of the various evaluation indicators of those concepts. A theoretical approach to the interaction of the concepts of “financial centers”, “competitiveness”, “attractiveness” and “investment funds industry” allows us to address the basic elements of the analysis of competitiveness and attractiveness in the funds industry. Beginning with a definition of the funds economy, we investigate the relationship between the funds industry and its immediate environment (investors and States).Through a survey of professionals in the center, we consider the basis of the emergence of the center in Luxembourg. Using an econometric approach, we also address the impact of the funds industry on foreign direct investment. The main interest of this thesis is to compare the results of theoretical and econometric modelling with data from a survey of investment fund professionals. The choice of those surveyed is guided by the importance of the Luxembourg financial center in Europe. ; La majeure partie des études sur les centres financiers concerne le domaine bancaire. Les autres secteurs de la finance semblent avoir été délaissés. Cette thèse a pour objet de décrire la compétitivité et l’attractivité des centres financiers en matière de fonds d’investissement. Au travers d’une revue de littérature sur la compétitivité et à l’attractivité dans les centres financiers, nous identifions les stratégies pour l’émergence des places. Nous avons ainsi défini ...