Dzieje Najnowsze : [kwartalnik poświęcony historii XX wieku] R. 50 z. 3 (2018) ; Neutralność z bronią u nogi : Królestwo Niderlandów w czasie Wielkiej Wojny

p. 107-133 ; Projects co-financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education ; Summary in Polish and English ; 23 cm ; During the First World War the Dutch government adopted the doctrine of armed neutrality. An unrestricted underwater war declared by the German and a sea blockade imposed by Britain and France required balancing between the fighting parties. After the United States joined the war, Holland was cut off from its colonies and experienced supply difficulties. Neutrality had its pathologies (smuggling, espionage), but it also spared the Dutch people atrocities suffered by peopl... Mehr ...