Application of a novel impedance-based freeze drying microscopy for formulation development. Podium & Poster presentation at ISL-FD 9th International Conference 2-6th September, 2019, Ghent, Belgium

This work demonstrates the application in freeze-drying of a single analytical instrument (Z-FDM) combining impedance (Z) spectroscopy with freeze-drying microscopy (FDM). The electrical impedance spectrum and visual appearance of a 5% sucrose solution was analysed with an interdigitated micro-electrode array placed on a freeze-drying microscope stage. The critical process parameters of ice growth, sublimation drying rate and end-point were studied using Z-FDM technique in addition to observing the collapse temperature. This early study indicates that by using this combined approach it is poss... Mehr ...