Background: Death by suicide is particularly high for the middle-aged and for single and/or childless individuals. At the same time, the risk of suicide is higher for tenants than for homeowners. Objective: This study examines the varying effect of housing tenure on suicide risk according to sex, age (for adults), and household composition. Methods: We used data from Belgium’s National Register linked to 2001 census data and death certificates to study suicide rates in the population aged 20 to 69 years in 2002, separately by sex. Results: We find a negative association of homeownership on suicide risk for both men and women, before and after controlling for age, housing quality, and demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Interacting age and housing tenure, we find that renting increases the risk of suicide among adults in their 40s and 50s, but not among younger and older adults. Among marital and parental statuses, married men and single childless women are at highest risk of suicide in mid-life when renting. Conclusions: Homeownership is associated with a lower suicide risk for middleaged populations, more specifically for married men, unpartnered women, andindividuals living with children.