This work presents a hyperspectral reflectance dataset of macroplastic samples. ; This work presents a hyperspectral reflectance dataset of macroplastic samples. Samples analyzed consisted of pristine, artificially weathered and biofouled plastic specimens, and field samples collected in the docks of the Port of Antwerp and from the river Scheldt, near Temse Bridge (Belgium). The hyperspectral signal of each sample was measured in controlled dry conditions in an optical calibration facility, and, for a set of plastic specimens, under wet and submerged conditions. The wet and submerged hyperspectral signals were obtained in a mesocosm setting that mimicked environmentally relevant concentrations of microalgae and changing levels of dissolved sediment. All the hyperspectral measurements were obtained using an Analytical Spectral Devices FieldSpec 4. The instrument was equipped with a 8° field of view at the calibration facility, while a 1° field of view was used in the mesocosm setting.