Godsdienstvrijheid of gewetensvrijheid. De vrijmetselarij als internationale proeftuin voor fundamentele maatschappelijke vraagstukken (ca. 1850–1930)

Freedom of or from religion. Freemasonry as an international testing ground for fundamental societal issues (c. 1850–1930) In masonic internationalism, key framework parameters of masonic activity were negotiated. They concerned the fundamental societal issue of how religious freedom (freedom to practise religion) and liberty of conscience (freedom from religion) were to be reconciled, and how this twofold demand could be implemented in the local lodges. In doing so, all masonic bodies strove to normatively determine the "essence" of freemasonry from their own point of view. The challenge of c... Mehr ...