Over the past decade, energy drinks (ED) have become increasingly popular among adolescents. Due to their high content in caffeine, sugar and other energy-promoting components, frequent ED consumption may have adverse health effects, like cardiovascular symptoms, sleep impairment, and nervousness. Previous studies have shown that ED consumption was more frequent among males. To extend this knowledge, our analysis examined how sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants of frequent ED consumption may differ by gender among Belgian adolescents.This study was based on data self-reported by 10,289 11-20 year-old French-speaking Belgian adolescents in secondary school, within the 2018 cross-sectional Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children survey. Pupils reporting they usually consumed ED more than once a week were considered as u201cregular ED consumersu201d. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were described in relation to ED consumption, for boys and girls separately. We used multiple logistic regression models, stratified by gender, to assess the associations between the sociodemographic and lifestyle variables, with regular ED consumption. ED consumption more than once a week was reported by 14.3% of boys and 7.8% of girls. In both genders, the proportion of regular ED consumers was significantly higher among older adolescents, those of lower family affluence, those living in blended or lone-parent families, in 1st and 2nd-generation immigrants, those watching TV 5 hours/day or more, those reporting later bedtimes, and those consuming soft drinks daily. In boys only, this percentage was higher among adolescents meeting physical activity recommendations (18.3% vs 13.6%). Multivariate analyses showed that consuming ED more than once a week was associated with long screen time, later bedtimes, and daily soft drink consumption in both genders. In girls only, adolescents from low affluence families (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.20-3.11) (vs. high affluence) and 2nd generation immigrants (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.15-2.04) ...