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S1 Dataset -

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Diagram for the flow of participants for part 1 of the study (prospective cohort).

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Diagram for the flow of participants for part 2 of the study (qRT-PCR positive participants only).

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VRD performance compared to qRT-PCR in study part one.

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Negative predictive values (NPV) and positive predictive values (PPV) based on visual interpretation of VRD results for different population prevalence.

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Test results of 123 qRT-PCR positive specimen of symptomatic individuals from study part two.