The trade reducing effects of restrictions on liner shipping

We estimate the effects of policy restrictions on transport costs and trade flows. * The cost-inflating effect of policy restrictions ranges from 26% to 68%. * The resultant reduction in trade flows ranges from 48% to 77%. * We show how the effect of maritime trade costs varies by destination country. * We decompose the distance elasticity of trade into a direct and an indirect effect. The costs of shipping containerized cargo on liner vessels play a pivotal role in determining a country's integration into international trade. We examine how policy governing the liner shipping sector affects m... Mehr ...