1.
Odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for different variables without smoking (complete analyses).
2.
3.
Odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for different variables with smoking (multiple imputation).
The prevalence of CKD and time to diagnosis, according to the CKD stage.
The prevalence of CKD according to the age groups.
S1 Annex -
PRISMA 2009 checklist.
PRISMA flow diagram of the included studies.
Rate of uncontrolled asthma assessed using the GINA symptom control.
Regression plot of rate of uncontrolled asthma against smoking.
Rate of well-controlled asthma assessed using the GINA symptom control.